SG History 101

Aug

2008

SG History 101 - Buford Abner

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This month, I want to write about one of gospel music’s true legends. The great thing about this month’s subject is that he is still alive to appreciate and know. He has been a consistent witness to the gospel in song for most of his life, and he is one of those special people who earned renown in more than one genre of music. Still, it’s southern styled gospel music that Buford Abner will be most fondly remembered for.

James Buford Abner was born November 10, 1917 to Dave and Ovelia Abner in Lineville, Alabama…in Clay County there. He was the child of sharecroppers, but like many children in that part of the country, he was raised in a Christian home with lots of singing present, and like so many of his childhood friends, was a part of “singin’ school” every summer and spent many a Sunday at “all day singin’ and dinner on the ground” events.

And like a select few other southern boys, his singing voice was his way out of the fields and into the world. 15-year old Buford joined his brother Merle in the Pepperel Manufacturing Company Quartet in Columbus, Georgia.

Both Abner boys stayed with that quartet until they left to join their Uncle Stacy in the Vaughn Four on WNOX radio in Knoxville, Tennessee. And by 1938, the Abner boys and Billy Carrier formed what they named the Swanee River Boys. The new quartet used their smooth sound and musicianship to land a job at WDOD radio in Chattanooga, Tennessee where they became part of an entire network of radio stations in the South. The quartet became popular quickly throughout the Southeast.

Not only did Buford find fame and recognition, Chattanooga was where Buford found the love of his life. Dorothy Jean Dalton was singing with her sister Mildred in the Sunshine Sisters along with famous country entertainer Archie Campbell on the same radio station. Buford and Dorothy got married in 1941, and had a daughter, Pamela, in 1943.

L to T: George Hughes-Tenor, Merle Abner-Bass, Billy Carter-Baritone, Buford Abner-Lead

Also in 1941, the Swanee River Boys moved to Atlanta, where their program “The Little Country Church” was aired on 50,000 watt powerhouse WSB radio. Their smooth, rhythmic style and flair with black spirituals at times got them booked into black churches to sing, where they were quite a pleasant surprise to the congregations there, proving that music can be a bridge between black and white, young and old, and rich and poor alike.

But the Swanee River Boys didn’t sing only gospel music. Like many of their contemporaries at that time, they also included popular, folk, and western songs in addition to their gospel quartet numbers and the black spirituals they so excelled at. In the early 1940s, it was estimated that about 52% of their songs were gospel or religious in orientation. They also mixed comedy routines in with their music, making them just as suitable for schools and civic organizations as for churches and concert appearances. They exemplified “family entertainment” at its best.

WDOD Radio in Chattanooga, TN 1939 or 1940
Tenor-George Hughes, Lead-Buford Abner, Baritone-Bill Carrier, Bass-Merle Abner

But still, the Swanee River Boys loved their gospel music best, and with Buford’s many original songs and innovative vocal arrangements, they were always a major force and influence on gospel quartets.

In 1944, Buford was drafted into World War II, as was Merle, and while they were away, gospel music greats Lee Roy Abernathy and Bill Lyles took their places in the Swanee River Boys, and the quartet stayed popular all through the war.

When the war ended, Buford and Merle reunited with Billy Carrier and tenor George Hughes at WSB, and they soon relocated to Charlotte and another 50,000 watt powerhouse, radio station WBT, where they occasionally were featured on the CBS radio network.

Up north, another famous vocal quartet that had a similar style and sound to the Swanee River Boys was heard on yet another 50,000 watt radio powerhouse, WLW in Cincinnati. Yet when that group, the Mills Brothers, decided to move west to Las Vegas, it was Buford Abner and the Swanee River Boys that were chosen to take their place.

From there, it was a natural progression to the new medium of television in the 1950s. Their smooth, relaxed style and musical versatility made them quite popular on the small screen, just as it did on radio and in personal appearances.

Despite the personnel changes common to most all vocal groups of long standing, the Swanee River Boys’ sound never changed that much through the years. The only thing that possibly kept them from being recognized as one of the very top gospel quartets was their forays into secular music. Still, with Buford’s popular compostions, his lead singing skill, and his winning manner along with his unique skill at vocal arranging, the Swanee River Boys were always loved and appreciated by gospel music audiences.

Some of those famous Buford Abner compositions include “I Ain’t Got Time”, “I’ve Got It(You Can Have It)”, “I Get Happy”, “Lifted From Sin”, “When I Move”, and “Gloryland Boogie” are still being recorded by gospel artists today, much as they were 30, 40, and 50 years ago.

The Swanee River Boys continued to sing through the 1960s, but Buford said he was tired of the road in 1970, and retired from traveling at that time. The quartet continued on for a few more years before it officially retired from traveling gospel music.

But Buford never stopped singing, or writing, or just telling good stories. After living in Indianapolis for many years, he decided to move back to his home of Clay County, Alabama, where he still sings on occasion with his wife Dorothy and daughter Pamela. And being a family man, he dotes on his grandchildren and great grandchildren.

Buford Abner received recognition for his talents from the University of Florida some time back, when he was presented with a copy of Stephen Foster’s handwritten manuscript of the famous song “Way Down Upon The Suwanee River”. He was also inducted into the Southern Gospel Music Association Hall of Fame in 2002, and given a Living Legend award at the age of 85 at the Grand Ole Gospel Reunion. In addition, the Swanee River Boys are in the Atlanta Country Music Hall of Fame as well.

2007
L to R: Dorothy (wife), Buford and Pamela (daughter)

In 2003, Buford suffered a stroke, and recently dealt with another one. But he is still singing and playing the guitar well, and still writing fine songs that are as pleasing to the heart as to the ear. Two of his better recent songs are “The Great Commission” and “I Stand In Awe”.

Buford Abner is one of gospel music’s all time best singers, songwriters, arrangers, and all-around musicians, and even at the age of 90(fast closing on 91!), he still exudes the joy of loving God, and making music that testifies to all that implies. He is truly one of the people that make this genre of gospel music special, and I felt it appropriate this month to remember and honor him, especially while he is still among us to experience it.

Reader Comments

What a treasure is Buford Abner. It was my joy to hear him with the Swanee River Boys on several occasions, but most memorably at the Memphis, Tennessee Quartet Convention in the 1960s, where he mezmerized the audience with his innovative and creative music. I don't think I've ever heard a white group with the excellence of rhythmic bounce to their singing as the Swanee River Boys.

In the 1960s they had a strong following among not only the fans, but the professional singers too. There was NO ONE else doing their contaigious kind of music. The instrumental accompaniment was understated and the strong emphasis was upon sync-ing up to the beat. He firmly believed that less is more, and he arranged the group's music to reflect the importance of each note.

I for one was pulled into the web that their singing wove. I still have several of their recordings that sing today like they were recorded yesterday.

Great article John, about a deserving legend in this world of Christian music.

Commented by On 08/07/2008

I had the priviledge of seeing Buford Abner and the Suwanee River Boys in Birmingham,Al in the late 50's. This Group had a unique sound that was easy to reconize from any other Group,there Harmony was outstanding.Buford Abner set a high standard and help pave the way for todays Southern Gogpel Quartets.

Commented by spirit7productions On 08/08/2008

It's funny, last night I was watching some videos on youtube featuring the great black quartets like the Dixie Hummingbirds and the Soul Stirrers and I was thinking, "Now why is it that no white quartets used the electric quitar as the sole accompaniment like
those groups did. It's such a great sound." That's when I remembered that the Swanee River Boys did just that.

Chris J. Becker
Cedar Rapids, IA

Commented by On 08/10/2008

Another interesting story, John, about one of the legends of Gospel Music. I was fortunate to see Buford Abner at the Grand Ole Gospel Reunion.

Commented by On 08/11/2008

Another great history lesson, John. Thanks for the info.

God is good all the time & all the time God is good.

Elaine Harcourt

Commented by On 08/18/2008

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